Myanmar has already gained valuable lessons and unforgettable experiences from the major Mandalay earthquake. The earthquake revealed weaknesses in the construction of earthquake-resistant buildings, particularly in terms of their ability to withstand seismic impacts. Due to limited basic knowledge about earthquakes, public awareness and compliance with necessary safety measures were inadequate. As a result, significant damage, losses, and casualties occurred, providing important lessons to be learned.
At present, Myanmar has entered the transition period from the hot summer season to the wet early monsoon season. During this period, the remaining heat of summer continues to be felt. At the same time, heat-induced air turbulence and cumulonimbus cloud formation can lead to rainfall along the areas where these clouds move, along with strong winds, thunder, lightning, and hailstorms.
At approximately 8:45 am on 18 May, a moderately strong earthquake with a magnitude of 5.2 struck about nine miles south of Kyauktan Township in Yangon Region. Shortly afterwards, a weaker earthquake with a magnitude of 3.2 occurred a few minutes later near the same area. On the same day at around 12:30 pm, another weak earthquake with a magnitude of 3.5 struck about 10 miles southeast of Gangaw. A small earthquake was also reported west of Yinmabin in Sagaing Region. As earthquakes have been occurring frequently during this period, it is necessary to remain alert and take preventive precautions in advance.
The major earthquake fault line known as the Sagaing Fault runs from north to south through Myanmar, passing through Sagaing, Mandalay, Pyay, Bago, Yangon, and extending to the Gulf of Mottama. Yangon is home to more than seven million people, and most of its residential buildings are high-rise structures. While some buildings are newly constructed, others are old and have exceeded their service life. This makes structurally weak or substandard buildings a matter of concern.
Regarding the earthquake that occurred in Yangon, seismological experts have analyzed that it was not caused by the Sagaing Fault itself, but rather by a minor subsidiary fault near it, and therefore, it is not considered a major cause for concern. Nevertheless, it is essential to make preparations in order to withstand earthquakes and minimize potential losses as much as possible.
Myanmar is a country that may experience various types of natural disasters. Given the current weather conditions, it is necessary to remain vigilant and not overlook hazards such as floods, storms, and earthquakes that may occur. Accordingly, appropriate disaster risk reduction, resilience-building, and preventive measures should be implemented in advance.