The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
The Anti-Online Scam Law
(The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No … , 2026)
… Waxing Day of Nayon, 1388 ME
… May 2026
The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw hereby enacts this Law.
Chapter I
Title and Jurisdiction
1. This Law shall be called The Anti-Online Scam Law.
2. This Law shall apply to any of the following offences of Anti-Online Scams:
(a) an offence committed within the State;
(b) an offence committed on a vessel or an aircraft registered under the existing law of the State;
(c) an offence committed by a foreigner registration certificate holder who permanently resides in the State or a foreigner who has been granted a permanent residence permit in the State;
(d) an offence committed within the National Cyberspace or in any other cyberspace connected to the National Cyberspace;
(e) an offence committed by a Myanmar Citizen abroad.
Chapter II
Definitions
3. The following expressions in this Law shall have the meanings given below:
(a) State means the Republic of the Union of Myanmar;
(b) Central Committee means the Central Committee on Monitoring Anti-Online Scam formed by the Union Government under this Law;
(c) Regional Committee means the Region, State, or Union Territory Anti-Online Scam Committee formed by the Central Committee;
(d) Centre means the Anti-Scam Centre formed by the Central Committee;
(e) Ministry means the Ministry of Home Affairs which implements the matters in this Law;
(f) Central Bank means the Central Bank of Myanmar;
(g) Online Scam means obtaining money or valuable property of any person by deception through telecommunication network using the internet and technology;
(h) Data means information that can be stored in various forms within a network or computer system;
(i) Bank Account means an account used in a business transactions established between a reporting organization and a customer to use the products and services of any reporting organization. This expression also includes correspondent bank accounts used for direct contact payments for business transactions by a third party, a third-party company, or an organization, either by themselves or on their behalf;
(j) Communication Network means the control system and infrastructure connected by wireless, wire-line, optical fibre, satellite communication systems, or any other electromagnetic system for the purpose of electronic transmission, reception, broadcasting, or exchange of text, voice, images, video, or any data. This expression includes public communication networks, private networks, and internet networks;
(k) Social Network means an online-based service, website, or software application based on any communication network, through which users can create, upload, exchange their personal data or digital content, and interact with other users;
(l) Mobile Financial Services Account means the storage of a monetary value of a customer in their mobile phone by a mobile financial service provider to provide mobile financial services;
(m) Telecommunication Operator means operators under the supervision of Directorate of Telecommunications, the Ministry of Digital Development and Communications;
(n) Internet Service Provider (ISP) means a person or an organization that provides digital platform services accessible within the State;
(o) Mule Account means allowing another person to use, or renting out to another person, one’s bank account, electronic wallet (e-wallet), or SIM card, for transferring or concealing money obtained from a crime, or for the money laundering.
Chapter III
Objectives
4. The objectives of this Law are as follows:
(a) to coordinate and cooperate with domestic organisations and foreign governments to prevent the State from being used as a base for online scams;
(b) to prevent the sovereignty, peace and tranquility of the State from being affected by illegal entry through border areas and committing online scam-related crimes;
(c) to identify online scam-related crimes and take action in order to eradicate such crimes;
(d) to prevent and protect from loss and damage of the public caused by online scams;
(e) to establish a system for information exchange between banks and financial institutions, telecommunication service providers, and relevant government departments and government organisations;
(f) to identify and detain foreigners who are illegally present at online scam sites;
(g) to seize and manage moveable property, immoveable property used in committing online scams, and the benefits derived from committing online scams.
Chapter IV
Formation of the Central Committee and its Functions and Powers
5. The Union Government:
(a) shall form the Central Committee on Monitoring Online Anti-Scam as follows:
(i) Union Minister Chairperson
Ministry of Home Affairs
(ii) Union Minister Vice-Chairperson 1
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(iii) Union Minister Vice-Chairperson 2
Ministry of Immigration and Population
(iv) Chairman / Chief Minister Member
Nay Pyi Taw Council, Region / State Government
(v) Chairman/ Chairperson Member
Central Bank of Myanmar
(vi) Commander Member
Relevant Regional Military Command
(vii) Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Transport
(viii)Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Digital Development and Communications
(ix) Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Defence
(x) Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Home Affairs
(xi) Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Border Affairs
(xii) Deputy Minister and Deputy Attorney General Member
Ministry of Legal Affairs
(xiii)Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Information
(xiv)Deputy Minister Member
Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement
(xv) Deputy Chief of Military Security Affairs Member
(xvi)Chief of Police Secretary
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(xvii)Deputy Chief of Police 2 Joint Secretary 1 Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(xviii)Head of Department Joint Secretary 2
Department of Transnational Crime
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(xix)Police Commander Joint Secretary 3
Criminal Investigation Department
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(b) may re-form the Central Committee, if necessary.
6. The functions and powers of the Central Committee are as follows:
(a) formulating and prescribing strategies, policies, and procedures for anti-online scam;
(b) forming necessary committees for anti-online scam and assigning duties thereto;
(c) coordinating anti-online scam activities among the Ministry of Digital Development and Communications, the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Central Bank of Myanmar, the Financial Intelligence Unit and other relevant organizations;
(d) collecting, verifying, and analyzing information on international and domestic online scams networks and distributing such information to relevant organizations;
(e) directing and supervising the identification and arrest of online scammers and the identification of online scam centres in order to take legal action in accordance with law;
(f) directing and supervising the effective legal action against online scam leaders who commit human trafficking and forced labour;
(g) combatting cross-border online scams in cooperation with regional and international responsible organizations including INTERPOL and ASEANAPOL;
(h) tracing, seizing, and controlling money and assets derived from online scams;
(i) allocating and managing human resources, technology, and finances required for anti-online scam activities systematically;
(j) directing and supervising the Regional Committees to seal and seize movable property, immovable property, and benefits derived from the commission of online scams;
(k) coordinating and cooperating to provide assistance through relevant departments upon receiving complaints from victims of online scams (such as suspension of banking operations and providing mental support);
(l) blocking and taking down mobile phone numbers, websites, and accounts used for committing online scams in cooperation with telecommunication operators and Internet Service Providers (ISPs);
(m) formulating and coordinating plans to rescue citizens and foreigners who are forced labour or trapped in online scam centres;
(n) cooperating with international organizations and embassies for the safe repatriation of rescued persons to their respective countries;
(o) to provide public awareness of various forms of online scams, risks and preventive measures;
(p) performing duties related to anti-online scam assigned by the Union Government from time to time.
Chapter V
Formation of Regional Committees
7. The Central Committee:
(a) shall form the Region or State Online Anti-Scam Committee as follows:
(i) Chief Minister Chairperson
Region or State Government
(ii) Minister of Social Affairs Member
Region or State Government
(iii) Region or State Advocate General Member
Region or State Government
(iv) Administrator Member
Region or State General Administration
Department
(v) General Staff Member
Relevant Regional Military Command
(vi) Region or State Manager Member
Myanma Posts and Telecommunications
(vii) Director Member
Region or State Information and
Public Relations Department
(viii)Region or State Officer Member
Ministry of Immigration and Population
(ix) Minister for Security and Border Affairs Secretary
Region or State Government
(x) Commander of Police Force Joint Secretary
Region or State Police Force
(b) shall form the Union Territory Anti-Online Scam Committee as follows:
(i) Chairperson Chairperson
Nay Pyi Taw Council
(ii) Member 3 Member
Nay Pyi Taw Council
(iii) Administrator Member
General Administration Department
Nay Pyi Taw
(iv) General Staff Member
Nay Pyi Taw Command
(v) Director Member
Prosecution Department
Ministry of Legal Affairs
(vi) Deputy General Manager Member
Myanma Posts and Telecommunications
Nay Pyi Taw
(vii) Director Member
Information and Public Relations Department
Nay Pyi Taw
(viii)Union Territory Officer Member
Ministry of Immigration and Population
(ix) Member 1 Secretary
Nay Pyi Taw Council
(x) Commander of Police Force Joint Secretary
Nay Pyi Taw Police Force
(c) may re-form the Regional Committee under subsection (a) and subsection (b) if necessary.
8. The functions of the Regional Committee are as follows:
(a) identifying and combatting online scams until they are eradicated;
(b) forming and assigning duties to special task forces for the identification and arrest of online scams;
(c) sealing and seizing movable property, immovable property, and benefits derived from the commission of online scams;
(d) identifying and detaining foreigners who are present at online scam sites;
(e) taking effective legal action against offenders in accordance with law;
(f) performing duties related to anti-online scam assigned by the Central Committee from time to time.
Chapter VI
Formation of the Anti-Scam Centre and its Functions
9. The Central Committee:
(a) shall form the Anti-Scam Centre as follows:
(i) Police Commander Leader
Criminal Investigation Department
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(ii) Director Member
Directorate of Telecommunications
Ministry of Digital Development and
Communications
(iii) Director Member
Bureau of Special Investigation
Ministry of Home Affairs
(iv) Director Member
Prosecution Department
Ministry of Legal Affairs
(v) Director Member
Information and Public Relations Department
Ministry of Information
(vi) Director Member
Electronic Registration System Department
Ministry of Immigration and Population
(vii) Director Member
Central Bank of Myanmar
(viii)Head of Department Member
Communications and Information
Technology Department
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(ix) Director Member
Crime Department, Criminal and
Legal Affairs Division
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(x) Deputy Police Commander Member
Anti-Financial Crime Police Force
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(xi) Head of Department Member
Technology Department (CID)
Myanmar Police Force
Ministry of Home Affairs
(b) may reform the Centre if necessary.
10. The functions and powers of the Centre are as follows:
(a) designating a 24-hour emergency telephone number (Hotline) so that victims of online scams can report information via telephone;
(b) designating and creating emergency telephone numbers, mobile applications, and web applications to enable direct interaction with the public;
(c) scrutinizing and verifying reports and complaints received from victims;
(d) recording data such as the bank account number of the online scammer, bank name, amount of money transferred, and the time of transfer;
(e) examining the received data within the banking system as soon as possible and designating it as an Emergency Case if online scams is identified;
(f) applying a Debit Freeze to the bank account of the online scammer within 15 minutes;
(g) blocking Mule Accounts and SIM Cards used in committing online scams effectively;
(h) suspending the Digital Banking Account of the victim of online scams to prevent further loss of money remaining in the account;
(i) systematically prescribing procedures for temporary suspension and inspection of financial flows in order to recover lost money of victim of online scams as soon as possible;
(j) tracing bank accounts through which financial transactions flow;
(k) forwarding basic information to the nearest police station and coordinating with the victim to file the First Information Report (FIR);
(l) coordinating with the relevant bank for the reactivation of suspended bank accounts of victims of online scams;
(m) monitoring and identifying, through technological means, mobile phone numbers, websites, links, and forms of financial transactions used in the commission of online scams;
(n) scrutinizing and verifying information and document, and forwarding them to use as evidence in activities;
(o) issuing warnings and conducting public awareness activities regarding the latest forms of online scams;
(p) facilitating legal assistance for victims of online scams and performing counselling and caregiving services;
(q) performing duties related to anti-online scam assigned by the Central Committee from time to time.
Chapter VII
Prevention
11. In relation to the opening of a mobile financial services account through a telecommunication network using a National Registration Card in mobile financial services, mobile financial service providers shall:
(a) establish and implement a system to verify and confirm the person opening the mobile financial services account match with the original National Registration Card through an agent of the mobile financial service provider, after fully carry out the Know Your Customer (KYC) process and Customer Due Diligence (CDD) process;
(b) not allow the opening of a mobile financial services account if incomplete or suspicious information is found through the KYC procedures, CDD procedures, or the scrutiny of the Citizenship Scrutiny Card under subsection (a).
12. Banks and financial institutions shall, if suspicious financial transfers are identified, report the Centre in accordance with the stipulations.
13. Where border security forces find unlawful cross-border entry or exit of foreigners by land or water, they shall report the findings to the Ministry of Defence, the Ministry of Home Affairs, and the Ministry of Immigration and Population.
14. To prevent online scams, the Centre shall:
(a) scrutinize and supervise to ensure that there is no sale of bank accounts through telecommunication networks, purchase of bank accounts opened by enticing impoverished persons, or opening of bank accounts or Mobile Pay accounts using forged Citizenship Scrutiny Cards;
(b) scrutinize and supervise to ensure that there is no purchase of SIM cards from others to commit financial fraud using technology on telecommunication networks, or step-by-step transfer of money to foreign countries;
(c) conduct monitoring, intelligence gathering, investigation, and undercover investigation of persons committing financial fraud on telecommunication networks using social networks, websites, and mobile applications;
(d) enhance technological measures for the investigation and block of accounts found suspicious on social networks;
(e) cooperate with the Ministry of Digital Development and Communications to take down and block the websites suspected of committing offences.
Chapter VIII
Information Exchange
15. For the purpose of preventing and suppressing online scam-related offences, the following organisations shall exchange information regarding suspicious accounts, financial flows, and communication data through a Centralized Database:
(a) Banks and Financial Institutions;
(b) E-payment Service Providers;
(c) Telecommunication Operators and Internet Service Provider (ISP).
16. Responsible persons from banks and financial institutions shall:
(a) immediately report to the Centre if suspicious financial transfers or activities suspected of being related to online scams are identified within their systems;
(b) immediately share information if another bank enquiries about a suspicious bank account or financial transfer.
17. Telecommunication Operators shall:
(a) systematically maintain the data of SIM card subscribers, locations of use, and Call Details Records (CDR);
(b) immediately provide the data mentioned in subsection (a) if requested by the Centre.
18. Banks and financial institutions, e-payment service providers, telecommunication operators, and Internet Service Provider (ISP) shall use the exchanged information only for the prevention and suppression of online scam crimes, and shall maintain such information securely in accordance with personal data protection standards.
Chapter IX
Temporary Suspension of Financial Flow and Taking Action
19. A victim of online scams may, after becoming aware of financial transfer, inform the relevant bank and financial institution as soon as possible and request to temporarily suspend the financial transfer.
20. Upon receiving the information under Section 19, the bank and financial institution shall immediately perform temporary suspension of the suspicious bank account for a period not exceeding 72 hours.
21. Responsible persons from banks and financial institutions shall:
(a) immediately perform the suspension of financial transfers upon receiving a notification from the Centre or a government department or a government organization regarding an online scam-related offence under this Law;
(b) ensure that money in the bank account of the victim of online scams are not transferred due to failure or delay in suspension of the financial transfer.
22. Within 24 hours after informing the bank under Section 19, the victim of online scams may report the details of the scamming event to the Centre either in person or through the Online Complaint Portal.
23. The Centre shall:
(a) if the complaint is verified as correct after scrutiny, facilitate the victim of the online scam to file the First Information Report (FIR) at the relevant police station;
(b) inform the banks and financial institutions of the Case Identifier (Case ID) to enable tracing of the financial flow;
(c) record, investigate, and take down and block the websites, social networks, bank account, mobile payment account, and telephone numbers from the reported information on online scams to prevent further commission of offences;
(d) investigate the step-by-step flow paths of the money lost by the victim and block them in time;
(e) exchange information through direct contact with ASEANAPOL and INTERPOL, and submit proposals to the Central Committee to prohibit and prevent cross-border financial flows;
(f) coordinate with relevant countries in accordance with the Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Law to recover money obtained through online scams, that is in foreign banks.
24. Upon receiving a complaint regarding online scams, the relevant police station shall:
(a) immediately register the First Information Report (FIR) as soon as the information forwarded by the Centre is received;
(b) submit a copy of the First Information Report (FIR) to the Centre within two hours;
(c) make a request to the Centre for further necessary information regarding the case;
(d) submit the information and document verified by the Centre to the relevant court as an expert opinion.
25. If the victim of online scams does not file the First Information Report (FIR) within the period of temporary suspension under Section 20, the relevant bank shall reactivate the temporarily suspended bank account.
26. Banks and financial institutions shall, if irregular financial flows or financial transfers suspected of being online scams are identified within their systems, temporarily suspend such bank accounts without waiting for a complaint from a relevant government department, government organization, or a victim of online scams.
27. If a temporary suspension is performed under Section 26, it shall be reported to the Centre immediately.
28. Upon receiving a report from a bank or financial institution, the Centre shall scrutinize the case and, if necessary, inform and coordinate with the Central Bank and relevant government departments or organizations to continue the suspension of the bank account or to seize records related to that bank account.
Chapter X
International Cooperation
29. The Centre may, in relation to online scam-related offences, carry out the following matters in cooperation with foreign countries, INTERPOL, and ASEANAPOL with the approval of the Central Committee:
(a) exchanging information to investigate cross-border online scams;
(b) extradition of offenders and joint investigation;
(c) rescuing foreigners subjected to forced labour in online scam centres and repatriating them to their respective countries, taking prompt legal action in accordance with the law against foreigners arrested for illegal entry into the State and performing deportation and transfer in accordance with the stipulations;
(d) cooperating in matters related to online scam technologies and capacity building.
30. The Centre shall implement international cooperation agreements in relation to the investigation of online scams or the collection of evidence.
Chapter XI
Prohibitions
31. No one shall disseminate or send incorrect data through a telecommunication network to any person for the purpose of committing online scams.
32. No one shall obtain the personal data, image, photograph, or accounts of another person and impersonate that person to request or obtain money or property.
33. No one shall impersonate a bank, telecommunication operator, or public servant to fraudulently obtain or steal another person’s bank account number, mobile wallet, or One Time Password (OTP) using electronic communication technology.
34. No one shall register a SIM card with incorrect data, use such SIM card to obtain a bank account number, or trade bank account numbers where the owner’s name and data are incorrect for the purpose of committing online scams.
35. No one shall transfer, keep, or launder money through his or her bank account knowing or having reason to believe that such money was obtained from the commission of online scams.
36. No one shall crate, disseminate, or sell software, malware, or links for use in online scams.
37. No telecommunication operator or Internet Service Provider (ISP) shall fail to take down a website knowing or having reason to believe that it is online scams website.
38. No responsible person from a bank or financial institution shall fail to examine a suspicious financial transfer or fail to report it to the Centre.
39. No one shall allow another person to use, sell, or rent a SIM card registered with his or her name for the purpose of committing online scams.
40. (a) No responsible person from a telecommunication operator shall:
(i) provide services to unregistered SIM cards or SIM cards with incomplete data;
(ii) allow the use of SIM cards suspected of being used in online scams, or SIM cards with exceptionally high frequency of calls per day;
(iii) without reasonable cause, refuse or delay to provide data when requesting it lawfully or to follow an instruction to block suspicious SIM cards related to online scams.
(b) No employee from a telecommunication operator shall dishonestly transfer the personal data of a SIM card subscriber to another person knowing or having reason to believe that online scams may be committed.
41. No one shall permit the withdrawal of money or destroy, conceal, or transfer any evidence, knowing or having reason to believe that online scams has been committed.
42. No one shall sell or rent his or her bank account or mobile wallet, knowing or having reason to believe that it would be used to commit online scams.
43. No responsible person from internet service provider, bank, financial institution, or telecommunication operator shall sell or transfer the personal data of any service user to an online scammer.
44. No one shall open online scams Centre.
45. No one shall commit a crypto scam.
46. No one shall recruit or lead persons for the purpose of committing online scams.
47. No one shall commit violence, torture, unlawfully arrest or detain, or treat any person in a cruel manner.
48. No one shall:
(a) organize, persuade or induce any person unlawfully, exploit their labour and compel any person to work against their will;
(b) commit online scams involving human trafficking.
49. No one shall cause the suspension of another person’s bank account by making a false complaint to cause harm to that person.
50. No one shall attempt, abet, or conspire to commit any offences under this Law.
Chapter XII
Offences
51. Whoever violates any prohibitions of Sections 31, 34, 35, or 49 shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend from a minimum of one year to a maximum of three years and also be liable to a fine from a minimum of K10 million to a maximum of K50 million.
52. Whoever violates any prohibitions of Sections 32, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, or 43, shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend from a minimum of three years to a maximum of seven years and also be liable to a fine from a minimum of K50 million to a maximum of K100 million.
53. Whoever violates any prohibitions of Sections 44, 45, 46 or 48 shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend from a minimum of ten years to a maximum of imprisonment for life and may also be liable to fine.
54. Whoever violates any prohibitions of Section 47 shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend from a minimum of ten years to a maximum of imprisonment for life or with death and shall also be liable to fine. If committing such offence cause of death to any person, the death penalty shall be imposed.
55. Whoever violates any prohibitions of Section 50 shall, on conviction, be punished with punishment prescribed for the relevant offence.
56. The court shall pass any of the following orders when convicting under this Law:
(a) destruction of the exhibits used in committing an offence;
(b) confiscation or destruction of any property related to an offence or returning such property to the entitled person or otherwise disposing it;
(c) confiscation of money or property derived from an offence or returning it to the entitled person or disposing it in accordance with the stipulations.
Chapter XIII
Miscellaneous
57. From the date on which this Law comes into force, the Central Bank, private banks, telecommunication operators, and Internet Service Provider (ISP) shall:
(a) connect their systems with the network and digital systems of the Centre through Application Programming Interface (API);
(b) bear the costs related to the installation of Automatic Systems, and the construction and maintenance of necessary infrastructure.
58. The Centre shall establish a system for real-time monitoring of suspicious financial transactions, use of SIM Card, and Internet Protocol Address.
59. In relation to the establishment of a Centralized Database:
(a) measures shall be taken to build a Unified Dashboard that enables immediate awareness of Cyber Crime event committed throughout the country using computers and the internet;
(b) measures shall be taken to build a system Real-time Feed that systematically collects phone numbers, IP addresses, bank account numbers, Identity Documents (ID) issued by any government department or government organization, and International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers of online scammers, and provides such data to Internet Service Providers and banks in real-time.
60. No criminal or civil action shall be taken in any court against a responsible person from a bank or financial institution who temporarily suspends a bank account related to any offence under this Law.
61. When prosecuting under this Law, prior sanction of the Central Committee or Regional Committee authorized by the Central Committee shall be obtained.
62. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other existing law, any person who commits any offence related to this Law shall have action taken against him or her only under this Law.
63. In implementing the provisions of this Law:
(a) the Ministry may, with the approval of the Union Government, issue necessary rules, regulations, and bye-laws;
(b) the Central Committee and the Ministry may issue necessary notifications, orders, directives, and procedures.